Protease (Carica papaya-also sometimes referred to as proteolytic enzymes or peptidases)
Protease is responsible for the digestion of proteins, protease is responsible for digesting proteins in your food, which is probably one of the most difficult substances to metabolize. The benefits of protease is considered to be one of the most important enzymes that we have. If the digestive process is incomplete, undigested protein can wind up in your circulatory system, as well as in other parts of your body.
Protease is an enzyme shown to slow metastasis and contribute to tumor shrinkage while the enzyme protease reduces pain of cancer
Proteases occur naturally in all organisms. These enzymes are involved in a multitude of physiological reactions from simple digestion of food proteins to highly-regulated cascades.
Protease is an enzyme that conducts proteolysis through the hydrolysis of the peptide bonds between amino acids in a polypeptide chain. These polypeptide chains form proteins and therefore a protease is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller chains.
There are several kinds of proteases:
Chemically, proteolysis of the peptide bond involves making an amino acid or water molecule nucleophilic so that it can attack the peptide carboxyl group. In many cases, a histidine residue activates serine, cysteine or threonine as a nucleophile. Proteases are active at specific pH environments and proteases can be classified as acid proteases, neutral proteases, and basic proteases.
Protease Inhibitors
Protease inhibitors-(PIs) are a class of medications used to treat or prevent infection by viruses, including HIV and Hepatitis C. prevent viral replication by inhibiting the activity of HIV-1 protease, an enzyme used by the viruses to cleave nascent proteins for final assembly of new virons.
Protease inhibitors have been developed or are presently undergoing testing for treating various viruses:
HIV/AIDS: antiretroviral protease inhibitors (saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir etc.)
Researchers are investigating the use of protease inhibitors developed for HIV treatment as anti-protozoals for use against malaria and gastrointestinal protozoal infections:
A combination of ritonavir and lopinavir was found to have some effectiveness against Giardia infection.
The drugs saquinavir, ritonavir, and lopinavir have been found to have anti-malarial properties.
A cysteine protease inhibitor drug was found to cure Chagas disease in mice.
Protease Inhibitors Developed For HIV Treatment
Once HIV infects human cells, the virus uses proteins and chemicals inside that cell to make more copies of itself. Protease is a chemical, known as an enzyme, that HIV needs in order to make new viruses. Protease inhibitors (PIs) block the protease enzyme. When protease is blocked, HIV makes copies of itself that can’t infect new cells. Studies have shown that protease inhibitors can reduce the amount of virus in the blood and increase CD4 cell counts. In some cases these drugs have improved CD4 cell counts, even when they were very low or zero. Read More….
When HIV infects a CD4 cell in a person’s body, it copies its own genetic code into the cell’s DNA. The CD4 cell is then “programmed” to make new HIV genetic material and HIV proteins. The proteins must be cut up by the HIV protease—a protein-cutting enzyme—to make functional new HIV particles. PIs block the protease enzyme and prevent the cell from producing new viruses. It is recommended that they be used in combination with at least two other HIV drugs to treat HIV infection.
Experimental & approved Protease Inhibitors for HIV & AIDS, from AIDSmeds.com….Complete list click here!
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Researchers are investigating whether protease inhibitors could possibly be used to treat cancer.
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